New FGC publication with collaborators:
Leon Kull (FGC team member) and Greg Magoon (Full Genomes bioinformatics consultant and employee at Aerodyne) worked on the paper along with other collaborators:
Haplogroup J-Z640 - Genetic Insight into the Levantine Bronze Age
Michael Waas1,2, Doron Yacobi3, Leon Kull 4, Vadim Urasin5, Gregory R. Magoon 6, Wim Penninx7, Adam Brown2, Ines Nogueiro8,9
1.Jewish History, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel , 2.Avotaynu Dna, Avotaynu Dna, Teaneck, Nj, United States , 3.Independent, Independent, Tel Aviv, Israel , 4.Full Genomes Corp., Full Genomes Corp., Rockville, Md, United States , 5.Researcher, Y full.com, Moscow, Russian Federation , 6.Aerodyne Research, Inc., Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, Ma, United States , 7.Independent, Independent Genetic Genealogy Researcher, Delft, Netherlands , 8.Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal , 9.Instituto De Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Haplogroup J-Z640 is a Y chromosome lineage found most notably, in several minority groups within the Near East that have undergone tremendous selection pressure in both the recent and distant past such as the Samaritans, Druze, Armenians and Jews. The evolution of J-Z640 and the common origin of the diverse ethno-religious groups within it has never been studied. We compiled a STR (short tandem repeat) and SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) dataset of 130 known or predicted J-Z640 samples among the customers of FamilyTreeDNA and FullGenomes Corporation, as well as publicly available samples. Amongst these, we analyzed the results of 41 samples that had undergone Next-Generation Sequencing and 32 samples that had undergone SNP testing using Sanger Sequencing. From this data, we constructed a J-Z640 phylogenetic tree. Our data revealed that J-Z640 originated during the Middle Bronze Age, most likely in the Levant. During the period 2100 BCE - 1200 BCE the haplogroup rapidly expanded with multiple ancient branches surviving to the present, evidencing population growth. Further population expansion, and contraction, were also observed in later periods. Based on its geographic dispersal and age of the haplogroup and its subclades, the founder population most likely belonged to Canaanites found in the Levant. Following the collapse of the late Bronze age system (1200-1177 BCE), there followed a period of ‘differentiation by culture’, with many of the ancient branches surviving to the present separated along ethno-religious lines.