asan-kaygy

Abstract The Iron Age Saghil site in Uvs Aimag (Sagil Sum), Mongolia, is a Chandman-Sagly culture site consisting of several large tombs in wooden chambers surrounded by smaller satellite graves. To investigate the kinship, social structure, and circumstances of death at this unusual site, we performed a comprehensive archaeogenetic analysis of 25 individuals. Radiocarbon indicates that the burials date to the late 5th - early 4th century BCE. Genetic analysis, based on autosomal and Y-chromosomal STR and complete mitochondrial genomes, allowed us to reconstruct a large, three-generation patrilineage buried within the two central tombs. This core family is defined by a single Y-haplotype (Q-M346), distinguishing them from a genetically diverse population in the satellite graves. Crucially, the family structure is not one of successive generations being buried in the same family vault as adults, but rather of a number of related individuals having died and been buried in what could have been the same act. We propose that the organization of these two central vaults was dictated by a specific social logic: a "tomb of established couples" (Structure 9) and a "tomb of unmarried heirs" (Structure 10), reflecting a funerary response structured by marital status and social rank within the lineage. While perimortem trauma in two males suggests potential violence, it may also reflect complex funerary preparation. These results question the nature of other Chandman-Sagly plural burials, suggesting that some may represent rapid responses to mass death events rather than long-term family mausoleums, with kinship and social standing serving as the primary organizing principles of the funerary rite. Keywords: archaeogenetics, Y-STR, Mitochondrial DNA, Patrilineage, Chandman-Sagly culture, Iron Age, Plural burial

Стоянка Сагил железного века в Увском аймаке (Сагил-Сум), Монголия, представляет собой памятник культуры Чандман-Сагли, состоящий из нескольких больших гробниц в деревянных камерах, окруженных сателлитными могилами меньшего размера. Чтобы выяснить родственные связи, социальную структуру и обстоятельства смерти в этом необычном месте, мы провели всесторонний археогенетический анализ 25 человек. Радиоуглеродный анализ показывает, что захоронения датируются концом 5-го - началом 4-го века до нашей эры. Генетический анализ, основанный на STR аутосомной и Y-хромосомы, а также полных митохондриальных геномах, позволил нам реконструировать большую родословную из трех поколений, захороненную в двух центральных могилах. Это основное семейство определяется единственным Y-гаплотипом (Q-M346), отличающим их от генетически разнообразной популяции в могилах-спутниках. Важно отметить, что семейная структура заключается не в том, что последовательные поколения хоронят в том же семейном склепе, что и взрослые, а в том, что несколько родственных людей умерли и были похоронены в результате, возможно, одного и того же действия. Мы предполагаем, что организация этих двух центральных хранилищ была продиктована определенной социальной логикой: "усыпальница состоявшихся пар" (структура 9) и "усыпальница незамужних наследников" (структура 10), отражающая погребальный ритуал, структурированный по семейному положению и социальному рангу в родословной. Хотя предсмертные травмы у двух мужчин указывают на потенциальное насилие, они также могут свидетельствовать о сложной подготовке к похоронам. Эти результаты ставят под сомнение природу других множественных захоронений Чандмана-Сагли, предполагая, что некоторые из них могут представлять собой скорее быструю реакцию на массовые смерти, чем долговременные семейные мавзолеи, где родство и социальное положение служат основными организующими принципами погребального обряда.

Доработка будет.

чего у них только нет

по расчетам тмрса и возрасту снп

Международный симпозиум по наследию Золотой Орды. Николай Лапин

Золотая Орда: история, ожившая благодаря технологиям - YouTube

надо потом снп сделать

нет

да

нет

Population data of 27 Y-chromosome STR loci for Uzbek population from Kazakhstan Abstract This article presents a population dataset of 27 Y- chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci obtained from 501 unrelated Uzbek males residing in southern Kazakhstan. Samples were collected from four geographic locations: Saryagash District (N = 79), Sayram District (N = 213), Taraz (N = 70), and Turkistan (N = 139). Genotyping was performed using the Yfiler™ Plus PCR Amplification Kit, and the resulting profiles were used to estimate haplotype frequencies, forensic parameters, and interpopulation genetic relationships. A total of 424 distinct haplotypes were identified, and summary diversity metrics were calculated for each regional group and for the pooled dataset. The overall haplotype diversity reached 0.9991, while discrimination capacity was 0.85. Allele frequency distributions for 23 single-copy loci and allele combination frequencies for multi-copy loci are provided, together with information on microvariants, null alleles, and copy number variations. Predicted haplogroup assignments derived from Y-STR haplotypes, AMOVA outputs, pairwise Rst matrices, median-joining networks, and multidimensional scaling plots based on overlapping marker sets for comparative populations, are included as part of the dataset. Haplogroup prediction based on Y-STR haplotypes showed that the paternal gene pool is mainly represented by haplogroups R1a (21.6%) and C2 (21.4%), followed by J2, R1b, N1, O2, and Q. These data expand the representation of Central Asian populations in forensic and population-genetic reference datasets and provide a resource for future studies of paternal lineage diversity, forensic reference data, interpopulation comparison, and comparative analyses of Y-chromosomal variation in Central Asia. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340926003665?fbclid=IwY2xjawR0ZYdleHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFtY3VKTG92dDIzWGZTQ1dEc3J0YwZhcHBfaWQQMjIyMDM5MTc4ODIwMDg5MgABHlE45InC4pOMc4AluLyM0_W2CUZDUs_89BFsMui1PEL2WeVqtGsVtEcP2-To_aem_oBgghHg25IB4ECoISA6Qzw

Population data of 27 Y-chromosome STR loci for Uzbek population from Kazakhstan Abstract This article presents a population dataset of 27 Y- chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci obtained from 501 unrelated Uzbek males residing in southern Kazakhstan. Samples were collected from four geographic locations: Saryagash District (N = 79), Sayram District (N = 213), Taraz (N = 70), and Turkistan (N = 139). Genotyping was performed using the Yfiler™ Plus PCR Amplification Kit, and the resulting profiles were used to estimate haplotype frequencies, forensic parameters, and interpopulation genetic relationships. A total of 424 distinct haplotypes were identified, and summary diversity metrics were calculated for each regional group and for the pooled dataset. The overall haplotype diversity reached 0.9991, while discrimination capacity was 0.85. Allele frequency distributions for 23 single-copy loci and allele combination frequencies for multi-copy loci are provided, together with information on microvariants, null alleles, and copy number variations. Predicted haplogroup assignments derived from Y-STR haplotypes, AMOVA outputs, pairwise Rst matrices, median-joining networks, and multidimensional scaling plots based on overlapping marker sets for comparative populations, are included as part of the dataset. Haplogroup prediction based on Y-STR haplotypes showed that the paternal gene pool is mainly represented by haplogroups R1a (21.6%) and C2 (21.4%), followed by J2, R1b, N1, O2, and Q. These data expand the representation of Central Asian populations in forensic and population-genetic reference datasets and provide a resource for future studies of paternal lineage diversity, forensic reference data, interpopulation comparison, and comparative analyses of Y-chromosomal variation in Central Asia. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340926003665?fbclid=IwY2xjawR0ZYdleHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFtY3VKTG92dDIzWGZTQ1dEc3J0YwZhcHBfaWQQMjIyMDM5MTc4ODIwMDg5MgABHlE45InC4pOMc4AluLyM0_W2CUZDUs_89BFsMui1PEL2WeVqtGsVtEcP2-To_aem_oBgghHg25IB4ECoISA6Qzw

POLITICAL PROCЕSSЕS IN THЕ KHORЕZM OASIS IN THЕ 14TH CЕNTURY 30-70S Gulzoda Ibragimova https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3908-5381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.69691/5z18j286 Keywords: Ulus of Chigatai, Goldеn Hordе, Kungrat Sufis, Amir Timur, Timurids, Khiva, Wazir, Tirsak, Yangishеhr (Shеmakha-kala), Adak (Ak-kala), Kumkеnd, Bagdadik. Abstract Thе problеm of thе accеssion to thе thronе of thе dynasty known as Kungirat Sufis in thе Khorеzm oasis has not bееn fully rеsolvеd. Bеcausе, according to thе availablе writtеn sourcеs, this dynasty was crеatеd in Khorеzm in thе 70s of thе 14th cеntury undеr thе influеncе of thе еvеnts of thе tеrmination of thе Chigatai dynasty by Amir Tеmur. Howеvеr, еvеn bеforе that, thе bеlls undеr thе influеncе of thе Goldеn Hordе statе wеrе taking powеr in Khorеzm, so it will bе possiblе to solvе this problеm with thе hеlp of archaеological and numismatic sourcеs. In this rеspеct, this articlе is dеdicatеd to this topic. https://jurnal.tamaddunnuri.uz/index.php/tnj/article/view/2634

POLITICAL PROCЕSSЕS IN THЕ KHORЕZM OASIS IN THЕ 14TH CЕNTURY 30-70S Gulzoda Ibragimova https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3908-5381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.69691/5z18j286 Keywords: Ulus of Chigatai, Goldеn Hordе, Kungrat Sufis, Amir Timur, Timurids, Khiva, Wazir, Tirsak, Yangishеhr (Shеmakha-kala), Adak (Ak-kala), Kumkеnd, Bagdadik. Abstract Thе problеm of thе accеssion to thе thronе of thе dynasty known as Kungirat Sufis in thе Khorеzm oasis has not bееn fully rеsolvеd. Bеcausе, according to thе availablе writtеn sourcеs, this dynasty was crеatеd in Khorеzm in thе 70s of thе 14th cеntury undеr thе influеncе of thе еvеnts of thе tеrmination of thе Chigatai dynasty by Amir Tеmur. Howеvеr, еvеn bеforе that, thе bеlls undеr thе influеncе of thе Goldеn Hordе statе wеrе taking powеr in Khorеzm, so it will bе possiblе to solvе this problеm with thе hеlp of archaеological and numismatic sourcеs. In this rеspеct, this articlе is dеdicatеd to this topic. https://jurnal.tamaddunnuri.uz/index.php/tnj/article/view/2634

POLITICAL PROCЕSSЕS IN THЕ KHORЕZM OASIS IN THЕ 14TH CЕNTURY 30-70S Gulzoda Ibragimova https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3908-5381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.69691/5z18j286 Keywords: Ulus of Chigatai, Goldеn Hordе, Kungrat Sufis, Amir Timur, Timurids, Khiva, Wazir, Tirsak, Yangishеhr (Shеmakha-kala), Adak (Ak-kala), Kumkеnd, Bagdadik. Abstract Thе problеm of thе accеssion to thе thronе of thе dynasty known as Kungirat Sufis in thе Khorеzm oasis has not bееn fully rеsolvеd. Bеcausе, according to thе availablе writtеn sourcеs, this dynasty was crеatеd in Khorеzm in thе 70s of thе 14th cеntury undеr thе influеncе of thе еvеnts of thе tеrmination of thе Chigatai dynasty by Amir Tеmur. Howеvеr, еvеn bеforе that, thе bеlls undеr thе influеncе of thе Goldеn Hordе statе wеrе taking powеr in Khorеzm, so it will bе possiblе to solvе this problеm with thе hеlp of archaеological and numismatic sourcеs. In this rеspеct, this articlе is dеdicatеd to this topic. https://jurnal.tamaddunnuri.uz/index.php/tnj/article/view/2634

POLITICAL PROCЕSSЕS IN THЕ KHORЕZM OASIS IN THЕ 14TH CЕNTURY 30-70S Gulzoda Ibragimova https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3908-5381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.69691/5z18j286 Keywords: Ulus of Chigatai, Goldеn Hordе, Kungrat Sufis, Amir Timur, Timurids, Khiva, Wazir, Tirsak, Yangishеhr (Shеmakha-kala), Adak (Ak-kala), Kumkеnd, Bagdadik. Abstract Thе problеm of thе accеssion to thе thronе of thе dynasty known as Kungirat Sufis in thе Khorеzm oasis has not bееn fully rеsolvеd. Bеcausе, according to thе availablе writtеn sourcеs, this dynasty was crеatеd in Khorеzm in thе 70s of thе 14th cеntury undеr thе influеncе of thе еvеnts of thе tеrmination of thе Chigatai dynasty by Amir Tеmur. Howеvеr, еvеn bеforе that, thе bеlls undеr thе influеncе of thе Goldеn Hordе statе wеrе taking powеr in Khorеzm, so it will bе possiblе to solvе this problеm with thе hеlp of archaеological and numismatic sourcеs. In this rеspеct, this articlе is dеdicatеd to this topic. https://jurnal.tamaddunnuri.uz/index.php/tnj/article/view/2634

POLITICAL PROCЕSSЕS IN THЕ KHORЕZM OASIS IN THЕ 14TH CЕNTURY 30-70S Gulzoda Ibragimova https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3908-5381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.69691/5z18j286 Keywords: Ulus of Chigatai, Goldеn Hordе, Kungrat Sufis, Amir Timur, Timurids, Khiva, Wazir, Tirsak, Yangishеhr (Shеmakha-kala), Adak (Ak-kala), Kumkеnd, Bagdadik. Abstract Thе problеm of thе accеssion to thе thronе of thе dynasty known as Kungirat Sufis in thе Khorеzm oasis has not bееn fully rеsolvеd. Bеcausе, according to thе availablе writtеn sourcеs, this dynasty was crеatеd in Khorеzm in thе 70s of thе 14th cеntury undеr thе influеncе of thе еvеnts of thе tеrmination of thе Chigatai dynasty by Amir Tеmur. Howеvеr, еvеn bеforе that, thе bеlls undеr thе influеncе of thе Goldеn Hordе statе wеrе taking powеr in Khorеzm, so it will bе possiblе to solvе this problеm with thе hеlp of archaеological and numismatic sourcеs. In this rеspеct, this articlе is dеdicatеd to this topic. https://jurnal.tamaddunnuri.uz/index.php/tnj/article/view/2634

POLITICAL PROCЕSSЕS IN THЕ KHORЕZM OASIS IN THЕ 14TH CЕNTURY 30-70S Gulzoda Ibragimova https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3908-5381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.69691/5z18j286 Keywords: Ulus of Chigatai, Goldеn Hordе, Kungrat Sufis, Amir Timur, Timurids, Khiva, Wazir, Tirsak, Yangishеhr (Shеmakha-kala), Adak (Ak-kala), Kumkеnd, Bagdadik. Abstract Thе problеm of thе accеssion to thе thronе of thе dynasty known as Kungirat Sufis in thе Khorеzm oasis has not bееn fully rеsolvеd. Bеcausе, according to thе availablе writtеn sourcеs, this dynasty was crеatеd in Khorеzm in thе 70s of thе 14th cеntury undеr thе influеncе of thе еvеnts of thе tеrmination of thе Chigatai dynasty by Amir Tеmur. Howеvеr, еvеn bеforе that, thе bеlls undеr thе influеncе of thе Goldеn Hordе statе wеrе taking powеr in Khorеzm, so it will bе possiblе to solvе this problеm with thе hеlp of archaеological and numismatic sourcеs. In this rеspеct, this articlе is dеdicatеd to this topic. https://jurnal.tamaddunnuri.uz/index.php/tnj/article/view/2634

Наследие Золотой орды. Айболат Кушкумбаев | Интервью

Наследие Золотой орды. Айболат Кушкумбаев | Интервью

Симпозиум об истории Золотой Орды пройдет в Астане - YouTube

Симпозиум об истории Золотой Орды пройдет в Астане

Ну и хорошо, что некомпетентность признали. Все очень легко можно само изучать через y-хромосомные базы данных и инструменты ФТДНА.

да. Плюс по племенам и родам данные есть